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  1. Northern Catalonia, North Catalonia [a] or French Catalonia is the Catalan -speaking and Catalan-culture territory ceded to France by Spain through the signing of the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659 in exchange of France's effective renunciation on the formal protection that it had given to the recently founded Catalan Republic.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Catalonia
    As the Catalan government’s website explains: “The clear objective of Franco’s regime was the elimination of all that was related to Catalonia.” Franco planned to erase Catalan culture with an internal colonization project that brought Spaniards from other parts of the country into cities like Barcelona.
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    History of Catalonia - Wikipedia

    Between 1812 and 1813, Catalonia was directly annexed to France itself, and organized an ordinary civil administration in the form of four (later two) départements: Bouches-de-l'Èbre (prefecture: Lleida), Montserrat (Barcelona), Sègre , and Ter (Girona). See more

    The recorded history of the lands of what today is known as Catalonia begins with the development of the Iberian peoples while several Greek colonies were established on the … See more

    Rise of the Iberian culture
    An iron using culture first appeared in eastern Iberia in the 8th century BC. By the 5th century BC, … See more

    Crown of Aragon union with Crown of Castile
    Ferdinand's 1469 marriage to Isabella I of Castile brought about a dynastic union of the Crown of … See more

    The first known human settlements in what is now Catalonia were at the beginning of the Middle Palaeolithic. The oldest known trace of human … See more

    Visigothic and Muslim rule
    In the 5th century, as part of the invasion of the Roman Empire by Germanic tribes, the See more

    Dynastic union with Aragon
    Until the middle of the 12th century, the successive counts of Barcelona tried to expand their domain … See more

    Napoleonic Wars
    In 1808, during the Napoleonic Wars, Catalonia was occupied by the troops of General Guillaume Philibert Duhesme. The official Spanish … See more

     
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    WEBMay 14, 2018 · 1812-13 - Napoleon briefly annexes Catalonia to France, before French troops withdraw from Barcelona under an armistice …

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      WEBJul 4, 2024 · Catalonia was one of the first Roman possessions in Spain. Occupied during the 5th century ce by the Goths, it was taken by the Moors in 712 and at the end of the 8th century by Charlemagne, who …

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