In political studies, surveys have been conducted in order to construct historical rankings of the success of the presidents of the United States. Ranking systems are usually based on surveys of academic historians See more

Within each column
Blue backgrounds indicate rankings in the first quartile. Green backgrounds indicate rankings in the second quartile. Yellow-green backgrounds … See more

Walton and Smith (2002–2020)
Professors Hanes Walton Jr. and Robert Smith in their book American Politics and the African American … See more

2010 Gallup poll
A Gallup poll taken on November 19–21, 2010, asked 1,037 Americans to say, based on what they know or remember about the nine most recent former presidents, whether they approve or disapprove of how … See more

20th century
A 1948 poll was conducted by historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Sr. of Harvard University. A 1962 survey was also conducted by … See more

1982 Murray–Blessing
The Murray–Blessing 1982 survey asked historians whether they were liberal or conservative on domestic, social, and economic issues. The table below shows that the two groups had only small differences in … See more

2014 Roediger and DeSoto Survey
In November 2014, Henry L. Roediger III and K. Andrew DeSoto published a study in the journal See more