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    Muon - Wikipedia

    • Muons arriving on the Earth's surface are created indirectly as decay products of collisions of cosmic rays with particles of the Earth's atmosphere. About 10,000 muons reach every square meter of the earth's surface a minute; these charged particles form as by-products of cosmic rays colliding with molecules in the upper atmosphere. Traveling at relativistic speed… See more

    Overview

    A muon is an elementary particle similar to the electron, with an electric charge of −1 e and spin-1/2, but with a much greater … See more

    History

    Muons were discovered by Carl D. Anderson and Seth Neddermeyer at Caltech in 1936 while studying cosmic radiation. Anderson noticed particles that curved differently from electrons and other known particles w… See more

    CompositionElementary particle
    StatisticsFermionic
    FamilyLepton
    GenerationSecond
    Muon decay

    Muons are unstable elementary particles and are heavier than electrons and neutrinos but lighter than all other matter particles. They decay via the weak interaction. Because leptonic family numbers are … See more

    Muonic atoms

    The muon was the first elementary particle discovered that does not appear in ordinary atoms.
    Negative muons can form muonic atoms (previously called mu-mesic atoms), by replacing a… See more

    Anomalous magnetic dipole moment

    The anomalous magnetic dipole moment is the difference between the experimentally observed value of the magnetic dipole moment and the theoretical value predicted by the Dirac equation. The measurement and predicti… See more

    Electric dipole moment

    The current experimental limit on the muon electric dipole moment, |dμ| < 1.9 × 10 e·cm set by the E821 experiment at the Brookhaven, is orders of magnitude above the Standard Model prediction. The observatio… See more

    Muon radiography and tomography

    Since muons are much more deeply penetrating than X-rays or gamma rays, muon imaging can be used with much thicker material or, with cosmic ray sources, larger objects. One example is commercial muon tomo… See more

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