Long-standing Christmas rituals in Russia include caroling, fortune-telling, and observing a Nativity Fast for forty days leading up to Christmas Eve, all of which have their origins in the pagan culture that existed before Christianity in Russia. Russian people adorn their houses with angels, stars, and nativity scenes.

Some Orthodox Christian traditions in Russia mimic Christmas traditions in other parts of Eastern Europe. As is the custom in Poland, in Russia, people will cover their floors and tables in hay to represent baby Jesus's manger. A white tablecloth is then laid out to symbolize the clothes Jesus was swaddled in.

Ded Moroz and Snegurochka as Symbol of Christmas in Russia. In addition, in Russian tradition, Ded Moroz did not work alone when distributing gifts. He is assisted by his granddaughter named “Snegurochka” or “Snow Girl”. These two figures also become symbols that are often associated with New Year celebrations in Russia.