Rules for using apostrophes with possessive nouns:

1. For singular nouns, add an apostrophe + "s" (e.g., "Sara's" or "cat's").
2. For plural nouns ending in "s," add only an apostrophe (e.g., "cats'").
3. For plural nouns not ending in "s," add an apostrophe + "s" (e.g., "children's").
4. For singular names ending in "s," add an apostrophe + "s" (e.g., "James's").
5. Use an apostrophe + "s" for possession of nouns in italics or quotation marks. ^scribbr.com+1 ^{1 2}