Phenomenology as a philosophy provides a theoretical guideline to researchers to understand phenomena at the level of subjective reality. Probably, this philosophical framework or the theory of subjective reality plays a key role in understanding the actor or the subject regarding a particular event or a phenomena relating to his/her life.

Phenomenology as a methodological framework has evolved into a process that seeks reality in individuals’ narratives of their lived experiences of phenomena (Cilesiz, 2009; Husserl, 1970; Moustakas, 1994). Phenomenology includes different philosophies consisting of transcendental, existential, and hermeneutic theories (Cilesiz, 2010).

The phenomenological approach to research emerges as a response to the radicalism of what is objectifiable. It is based on the study of life experiences, regarding an event, from the subject’s perspective. This approach is based on the analysis of the most complex aspects of human life, of what is beyond the quantifiable aspects.

A qualitative research approach that helps in describing the lived experiences of an individual is known as phenomenological research. The phenomenological method focuses on studying the phenomena that have impacted an individual. This approach highlights the specifics and identifies a phenomenon as perceived by an individual in a situation.