Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with a pulmonary inflammatory response to inhaled substances, and individuals with COPD often have raised levels of several circulating inflammatory markers indicating the presence of systemic inflammation. Recently, there has been increasin...

This study expands the widely used one-dimensional, four-equation model for turbidity currents to account for mass, momentum, and energy sinks associated with flow stripping and overspill processes acting upon the turbidity current suspension cloud. The suspension cloud is defined as any portion of ...

Salt overspill, defined as the net salt transport from a channel of an estuarine network through a junction to another channel, can be a major contributor to salt intrusion. Here, an idealized subtidal model is constructed of a network consisting of one river channel and two sea channels, and used t...