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  1. The Epic of Gilgamesh
    • According to 2 sources
    The Epic of Gilgamesh started out as a series of Sumerian poems and tales dating back to 2100 B.C., but the most complete version was written around the 12th century B.C. by the Babylonians.
    The oldest known literary epic, referred to today as “The Epic of Gilgamesh,” is also from Mesopotamia. You can read this important primary source text by clicking on the link to the Internet Archive copy of the Gilgamesh epic.
     
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    List of oldest documents - Wikipedia

    The following is a list of the world's oldest surviving physical documents. Each entry is the most ancient of each language or civilization. For example, the Narmer Palette may be the most ancient from Egypt, but there are many other surviving written documents from Egypt later than the Narmer Palette but still … See more

    35th–32nd centuries BCE
    The Kish tablet, a small limestone tablet from the middle Uruk period of ancient Mesopotamia, contains pictographic inscriptions … See more

    35th–32nd centuries BCE
    The Kish tablet, a small limestone tablet from the middle Uruk period of ancient Mesopotamia, contains pictographic inscriptions exemplifying an early precursor to Cuneiform.
    35th–32nd centuries BCE
    The Kushim tablets from the same period feature possibly the oldest named person (Kushim).
    35th–32nd centuries BCE
    Another Uruk Period clay tablet that featured names dating back to around 3100 BCE includes the names of a slave owner (Gal-Sal) and their two slaves (En-pap X and the woman Sukkalgir).
    31st century BCE
    The Narmer Palette, a carved slab of siltstone from the Early Dynastic Period of Ancient Egypt, contains some of the earliest known examples of Egyptian hieroglyphs.
    25th century BCE
    The Palermo Stone, a stele, containing the names of Pharaohs and other information, is made of basalt.
    25th century BCE
    The Diary of Merer (also known as Papyrus Jarf) is the name for papyrus logbooks written over 4,500 years ago by Merer, a middle ranking official with the title inspector (sHD).
    21st century BCE
    According to the Guinness World Records, the oldest surviving love poem, a balbale, in the world is of Sumerian origin and written in cuneiform, discovered in Nippur, dated to 2031 BCE, called Istanbul #2461 by archaeologists.
    18th century BCE
    Dating back to 1800 BCE, to the Old Babylonian period, a clay tablet containing a recipe for squab was found, written in Akkadian cuneiform.
    18th century BCE
    The complaint tablet to Ea-nāṣir, a clay tablet written in Akkadian cuneiform found in Iraq, is the first recorded customer complaint.
    14th century BCE
    In 2010, a clay fragment bearing Akkadian cuneiform, comparable in size to that of an olive, was discovered by Israeli archaeologists during the excavation of a tower, the tower itself dating back to the 10th century BCE, in Jerusalem, that was determined to have originated in 14th century BCE.
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  4. Sumerian Tablets: A Deeper Understanding of the Oldest Known …

  5. 10 Oldest Religious Texts in The World

  6. The Epic of Gilgamesh, the Oldest-Known Work of …

    This so-called “Stan­dard Baby­lon­ian Ver­sion,” as you’ll learn in the TED-Ed video at the top by Soraya Field Fio­rio, was itself only dis­cov­ered in 1849 — very recent by com­par­i­son with oth­er ancient texts we reg­u­lar­ly read and study.

  7. What Is The Oldest Written Text That Has Ever Been …

    Jul 26, 2023 · The earliest confirmed form of writing is recorded on a limestone tablet, known as the Kish tablet, which dates to around 3,500 BCE. The tablet was found on the site of an ancient Sumerian city...

  8. What is the Oldest Known Piece of Literature?

    Dec 18, 2015 · While Shuruppak’s fatherly wisdom is one of the most ancient examples of written literature, history’s oldest known fictional story is probably the “Epic of Gilgamesh,” a mythic poem that...

  9. 8 Oldest Recorded History in the World

    The hieroglyphs date to between 3400 – 3200 BCE and are the oldest recorded history discovered so far in the world. The hieroglyphs were found in Tomb U-j, which is believed to hold the remains of Scorpion I, one of the first rulers of …

  10. 10 of the Oldest Pieces of Literature - Mental Floss

    Nov 28, 2022 · These pieces of literature—from 'The Epic of Gilgamesh' to what is widely considered the first novel ever written—are some of the oldest in history.

  11. Sumerian literature - Wikipedia

    Sumerian literature constitutes the earliest known corpus of recorded literature, including the religious writings and other traditional stories maintained by the Sumerian civilization and largely preserved by the later Akkadian and …

  12. The Oldest Religious Text | Kesh Temple Hymn | Primary Source …

  13. HIS 103: World History to 1500: Finding Primary Sources

    Mar 14, 2023 · The list of primary source texts available from ancient Greece and Rome is extensive. An overview of these primary source resources can be found in the Primary Source Materials page to the Guide to Classics LibGuide. Here, …

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  22. The World's Oldest Papyrus and What It Can Tell Us About the …