To make his case, Clifford first asks readers to imagine a shipowner who has evidence that his ship might need expensive repairs. He doesn’t want to pay that expense so, through wis… See more

The shipowner’s failure seems especially bad because the outcome was so disastrous. But Clifford thinks that the ethical principle against believing on insufficient … See more

Although we tend to think that our beliefs are our own private business, Clifford maintains that “belief… is ours not for ourselves but for humanity”in the same way that air an… See more

How many of our beliefs are ethically held, according to the ethics of belief? Many people have confident beliefs about politics, religion, philosophy and science. If we’re being hone… See more