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    Fountain (Duchamp) - Wikipedia

    • Fountain is a readymade sculpture by Marcel Duchamp in 1917, consisting of a porcelain urinal signed "R. Mutt". In April 1917, an ordinary piece of plumbing chosen by Duchamp was submitted for the inaugural exhibition of the Society of Independent Artists, to be staged at the Grand Central Palace in New York. When explaining the purpose of his readymade s… See more

    Origin

    Marcel Duchamp had arrived in the United States less than two years prior to the creation of Fountain and had … See more

    Interpretations

    Of all the artworks in this series of readymades, Fountain is perhaps the best known because the symbolic meaning of the toilet takes the conceptual challenge posed by the readymades to their most visceral ext… See more

    Legacy

    In December 2004, Duchamp's Fountain was voted the most influential artwork of the 20th century by 500 selected British art world professionals. Second place was afforded to Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907) … See more

    Editions and provenance

    Seventeen authorized versions of Fountain have been created, according to a list compiled by Cabinet magazine. Two of them, including the 1917 original, are lost.
    • 1917: Original version, lost.
    • 1950: Signed by Ducham… See more

    Further reading

    • Betacourt, Michael (2003). "The Richard Mutt case: Looking for Marcel Duchamp's Fountain". Art Science Research Laboratory. Archived from the original on 1 March 2006.
    • West, Patrick (13 December 2004). … See more

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    Table of Contents
    Origin
    Interpretations
    Legacy
    Editions and provenance
    See also
    Further reading
    External links
     
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