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  1. Alexander Friedmann
    Alexander FriedmannRussian mathematician
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    Alexander Friedmann - Wikipedia

    • Alexander Alexandrovich Friedmann was a Russian and Soviet physicist and mathematician. He originated the pioneering theory that the universe is expanding, governed by a set of equations he developed known as the Friedmann equations. See more

    Early life

    Alexander Friedmann was born to the composer and ballet dancer Alexander Friedmann (who was a … See more

    World War I

    Friedmann fought in World War I on behalf of Imperial Russia, as an army aviator, an instructor, and eventually, under the revolutionary regime, as the head of an airplane factory. See more

    BornAlexander Alexandrovich Friedmann · June 16, 1888 · Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire
    DiedSeptember 16, 1925 (aged 37) · Leningrad, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
    Alma materSt. Petersburg State University
    SpouseNatalia Malinina
    Professorship

    Friedmann in 1922 introduced the idea of an expanding universe that contained moving matter. Correspondence with Einstein suggests that Einstein was unwilling to accept the idea of an evolving Universe a… See more

    Work

    Friedmann's 1924 papers, including "Über die Möglichkeit einer Welt mit konstanter negativer Krümmung des Raumes" ("On the possibility of a world with constant negative curvature of space") published by the Germa… See more

    Personal life and death

    In 1911, he married Ekaterina Dorofeeva, though he later divorced her. He married Natalia Malinina in 1923. They had a religious wedding ceremony, though both were far from religious. Together they had a son Alexan… See more

    Legacy

    The Moon crater Fridman is named after him.
    Alexander Friedmann International Seminar is a periodical scientific event. The objective of the meeting is to promote contact bet… See more

    Selected publications

    • Friedman, A. (1922). "Über die Krümmung des Raumes". Zeitschrift für Physik. 10 (1): 377–386. Bibcode:1922ZPhy...10..377F. doi:10.1007/BF01332580. S2CID 125190902.. English translation in: Friedman, A. (1999). "On the cur… See more

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