In volleyball, referees use hand signals to communicate with players and spectators. One common signal is to place the palm of one hand over the fingers of the other, held vertically like a “T,” to indicate the requesting team. Additionally, referees use yellow and red cards to convey warnings and penalties.

There are a few key hand gestures that referees use to indicate different calls. The most common sign is the fist and arm pump, used to indicate a point scored. This signal is usually accompanied by a verbal announcement of the score. Additionally, referees can also use their hands to signal for faults such as traveling or net interference.