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  1. Definition

    The trace of an n × n square matrix A is defined as where aii denotes the entry on the i th row and i th column of A. The entries of A can be real numbers, complex numbers, or more generally elements of a field F. … See more

    Properties

    The trace is a linear mapping. That is, for all square matrices A and B, and all scalars c.
    A matrix and its transpose have the same trace:
    This follows immediately from the fact that transposin… See more

    Relationship to eigenvalues

    If A is a linear operator represented by a square matrix with real or complex entries and if λ1, ..., λn are the eigenvalues of A (listed according to their algebraic multiplicities), then
    This follow… See more

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