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  1. A septic tank is an underground chamber made of concrete, fiberglass, or plastic through which domestic wastewater flows for basic sewage treatment. Settling and anaerobic digestion processes reduce solids and organics, but the treatment efficiency is only moderate. Septic tank systems are a type of simple onsite sewage facility. They can be used in areas that are not connected to a sewerage system, such as rural areas. The treated liquid effluent is commonly disposed in a septic drain field, which provides further treatment. Nonetheless, groundwater pollution may occur and is a problem.
    Position in sanitation chainCollection and storage/treatment (on-site)
    Application levelHousehold or neighborhood level (schools, hotels etc.)
    Management levelHousehold, public, shared (most common is household level)
    Inputsblackwater (waste), greywater, brownwater
     A History of Wastewater Management
    A History of Wastewater Management
    Have you ever wondered how your home disposes of wastewater if it's not connected to a sewer system? The answer is probably a septic tank.
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  1. A typical septic system layout consists of the following components:
    1. Septic tank: It digests organic matter and separates floatable matter and solids from the wastewater.
    2. Drain lines or discharge lines: These connect the septic tank to the soil treatment area.
    3. Soil treatment area (drainfield or leach field): It typically includes a series of perforated distribution pipes set in a gravel-filled absorption trench123.
    Learn more:
    A typical septic system consists of a septic tank and a drainfield (or soil absorption field). The septic tank digests organic matter and separates floatable matter (e.g., oils and grease) and solids from the wastewater.
    www.epa.gov/septic/how-septic-systems-work
    The septic system consists of three components (Figure 1): the tank, the drain lines or discharge lines, and the soil treatment area (sometimes called a drainfield or leach field). Tank sizes vary depending on the size of the building.
    extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number…
    A typical system consists of a waste pipe from the house, a large concrete, fiberglass, or plastic septic tank, and a leach field. The most common type of leach field consists of a series of perforated distribution pipes, each set in a gravel-filled absorption trench.
    buildingadvisor.com/buying-land/septic-systems/ho…
     
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