Physical geographers observe, measure, and describe Earth’s surface. They study how landforms develop and how they change. They look at how different landforms affect climate. They also study how people change the land through such activities as building cities, digging mines, and clearing forests.

Geography involves the study of people (human geography) and the natural environment (physical geography) and the relationship between the two. Human geography is everything to do with human activity. For example, how is the population changing? And where does our food come from? While physical geography explores everything that occurs naturally.