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  1. Catalonia became a part of Spain when the medieval kingdom of Aragon fused with the Crown of Castile in 1479. For hundreds of years, the fiercely independent Catalonians have cultivated a distinct identity, culture, language, and love of soccer. Although 92% of its residents voted for independence in a 2017 referendum, Catalonia has yet to secede.
    bigthink.com/the-present/catalonia-independence-s…
    On 10 October, in the aftermath of the 1 October 2017 Catalan independence referendum and a general strike on 3 October, a document declaring Catalonia to be an independent republic was signed by the members of Catalonia's pro-independence parliamentary majority.
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_declaration_of_indep…
     
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    History of Catalonia - Wikipedia

    A controversial independence referendum was held in Catalonia on 1 October 2017, using a disputed voting process. It was declared illegal on 6 September 2017 and suspended by the Constitutional Court of Spain because it breached the Spanish Constitution. See more

    The recorded history of the lands of what today is known as Catalonia begins with the development of the Iberian peoples while several Greek colonies were established on the … See more

    Rise of the Iberian culture
    An iron using culture first appeared in eastern Iberia in the 8th century BC. By the 5th century BC, … See more

    Crown of Aragon union with Crown of Castile
    Ferdinand's 1469 marriage to Isabella I of Castile See more

    Napoleonic Wars
    In 1808, during the Napoleonic Wars, Catalonia was occupied by the troops of General Guillaume Philibert Duhesme. The official Spanish … See more

    The first known human settlements in what is now Catalonia were at the beginning of the Middle Palaeolithic. The oldest known trace of human … See more

    Visigothic and Muslim rule
    In the 5th century, as part of the invasion of the Roman Empire by Germanic tribes, the Visigoths led by Athaulf, installed themselves in the Tarraconensis (Ebro basin, 410) and when in 475 the Visigothic king See more

    Dynastic union with Aragon
    Until the middle of the 12th century, the successive counts of Barcelona tried to expand their domain in multiple directions. Ramon Berenguer III incorporated the County of Besalú, part of the County of Empúries See more

     
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