Comparison in writing discusses elements that are similar, while contrast in writing discusses elements that are different. A compare-and-contrast essay, then, analyzes two subjects by comparing them, contrasting them, or both. The key to a good compare-and-contrast essay is to choose two or more subjects that connect in a meaningful way.

Comparing and contrasting two or more literary texts helps you to understand each text individually as well as acknowledge how different authors approach similar themes, story structures, or the process of character development.

Use comparison words and phrases such as “similarly,” “like,” and “in the same way” when comparing subjects. Use contrast words and phrases such as “in contrast,” “however,” and “whereas” when contrasting subjects.

If the text only discusses similarities, it is only comparing. Likewise, if it only discusses ways that the things are different, it is only contrasting. The text must do both to be considered compare and contrast.

When comparing two texts, students should focus on how the writer’s methods are different/similar and why this might be, referring back to the form and purpose of the texts. For example, you might write about the tone of each piece, whether the text is formal, informal, humorous, or serious.