A "burden of proof" is a party's duty to prove a disputed assertion or charge, and includes the burden of production (providing enough evidence on an issue so that the trier-of … See more

In the three jurisdictions of the UK (Northern Ireland; England and Wales; and Scotland) there are only two standards of proof in … See more

Air of reality
The "air of reality" is a standard of proof used in Canada to determine whether a criminal defense may … See more

• Philosophic burden of proof
• Probative
• Rebuttable presumption
• Shifting burden of persuasion See more

Burden of proof refers most generally to the obligation of a party to prove its allegations at trial. In a civil case, the plaintiff sets forth its allegations in a complaint, petition or other pleading. The defendant is then required to file a responsive … See more

In Australia, two standards of proof are applied at common law: the criminal standard and the civil standard. It is possible for other … See more

Criminal law
Criminal cases usually place the burden of proof on the prosecutor (expressed in the Latin brocard ei incumbit probatio qui dicit, non qui negat, "the burden of proof rests on who asserts, not on who denies"). This principle is known … See more