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  2. Bird - Wikipedia

    • Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves , characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the 5.5 cm (2.2 in) bee hummingbird to the 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) common ostr… See more

    Evolution and classification

    The first classification of birds was developed by Francis Willughby and John Ray in their 1676 volume Ornithologiae.
    Aves … See more

    Distribution

    Birds live and breed in most terrestrial habitats and on all seven continents, reaching their southern extreme in the snow petrel's breeding colonies up to 440 kilometres (270 mi) inland in Antarctica. The highest bird … See more

    Anatomy and physiology

    Compared with other vertebrates, birds have a body plan that shows many unusual adaptations, mostly to facilitate flight.
    The skeleton consists of very lightweight bones. They have large air-filled cavities (called pne… See more

    Behaviour

    Most birds are diurnal, but some birds, such as many species of owls and nightjars, are nocturnal or crepuscular (active during twilight hours), and many coastal waders feed when the tides are appropriate, by day or night. … See more

    Ecology

    Birds occupy a wide range of ecological positions. While some birds are generalists, others are highly specialised in their habitat or food requirements. Even within a single habitat, such as a forest, the niches occupied b… See more

    Relationship with humans

    Since birds are highly visible and common animals, humans have had a relationship with them since the dawn of man. Sometimes, these relationships are mutualistic, like the cooperative honey-gathering a… See more

    Threats and conservation

    Human activities have caused population decreases or extinction in many bird species. Over a hundred bird species have gone extinct in historical times, although the most dramatic human-caused avian extinctions… See more

     
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