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  1. Formation

    Peat forms when plant material does not fully decay in acidic and anaerobic conditions. It is composed mainly of … See more

    Peat - Wikipedia

    • Peat is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetation or organic matter. It is unique to natural areas called peatlands, bogs, mires, moors, or muskegs. Sphagnum moss, also called peat moss, is one of the most common components in peat, although many other plants can contribute. The biological features of sphagnum mosses act to create a habitat aiding … See more

    Types of peat material

    Peat material is either fibric, hemic, or sapric. Fibric peats are the least decomposed and consist of intact fibre. Hemic peats are partially decomposed and sapric are the most decomposed.
    Phragmites peat … See more

    Peatlands distribution

    In a widely cited article, Joosten and Clarke (2002) described peatlands or mires (which they say are the same) as
    the most widespread of all wetland types in the world, representing 50 to 70% of global wetlands. T… See more

    General uses

    Peat can be used as fuel once dried. Traditionally, peat is cut by hand and left to dry in the sun. In many countries, including Ireland and Scotland, peat was traditionally stacked to dry in rural areas and used for cooking an… See more

    Environmental and ecological issues

    The distinctive ecological conditions of peat wetlands provide a habitat for distinctive fauna and flora. For example, whooping cranes nest in North American peatlands, whilst Siberian cranes nest in the West Siberian pe… See more

    Protection

    In June 2002, the United Nations Development Programme launched the Wetlands Ecosystem and Tropical Peat Swamp Forest Rehabilitation Project. This project was targeted to last for 5 years, and brings toge… See more

    Characteristics and uses by nation

    Latvia has been the biggest exporter of peat in the world by volume providing more than 19.9% of the world's volume followed only by Canada with 13% in 2022. In 2020, Latvia exported 1.97 million tons of peat, followed by … See more

     
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